T\u00d4NG C\u1ea2NH L\u1ee4C<\/b><\/span><\/span>
\nThi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Di\u00ean Th\u1ecd<\/span>
\nTu\u1ec7 \u0110\u0103ng & H\u00e2n M\u1eabn d\u1ecbch<\/span><\/span>
\n

<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/p>\n
QUY\u1ec2N 55<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> S\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p x\u1ee9 c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y lo\u1ea1i ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> C\u00f3 n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafc, hai l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eafc, ba l\u00e0 th\u1ee5 s\u1edf d\u1eabn s\u1eafc, b\u1ed1n l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1eafc, n\u0103m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ea3 s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n
1- C\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafc: L\u1ea5y c\u1ef1c vi l\u00e0m th\u1ec3, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ea3 s\u1eafc n\u0103m c\u0103n, n\u0103m tr\u1ea7n, b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 c\u1ef1c vi, c\u1ef1c vi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n
2- C\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eafc: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u00e1u th\u1ee9 s\u1eafc th\u00f4 nh\u01b0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, b\u00f3ng \u1ea3nh v.v… trong h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, nay ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e1u th\u1ee9 s\u1eafc th\u00f4 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 c\u1ef1c vi. S\u1eafc vi t\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eafc. Nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u xanh v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecf tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, b\u00f3ng \u1ea3nh v.v… trong h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u1eafc bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n trong h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec hi\u1ec7n ra trong khe c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n
3- Th\u1ee5 s\u1edf d\u1eabn s\u1eafc: Th\u1ee5 l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn. S\u1edf d\u1eabn t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u00ean ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ph\u00e1t c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1edf d\u1eabn s\u1eafc. \u00dd n\u00f3i: Do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp thu, v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn ph\u00e1t tr\u00ean ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ph\u00e1t c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1edf d\u1eabn s\u1eafc. V\u00ec s\u1ef1 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ph\u00e1t c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc l\u00e0m th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
4- Bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1eafc: l\u00e0 v\u1ecdng t\u00e2m bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
5- \u0110\u1ecbnh qu\u1ea3 s\u1eafc: l\u00e0 trong \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m th\u1ee9c s\u1eafc thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p x\u1ee9 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y chia l\u00e0m ba m\u00f4n: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4n, hai l\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4n, ba l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ea3 m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n
a- \u1ea2nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4n: \u1ea2nh l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i; t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. T\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n s\u1edf bi\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ch\u01b0 h\u1eefu c\u1ef1c vi l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eafc, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00f4 th\u00e0nh t\u1ebf, t\u1ea1m l\u1eadp c\u1ef1c vi. C\u00f2n qu\u00e1n b\u00f3ng d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt th\u1ec3 ri\u00eang sinh ra t\u00e1n v\u1ecb \u00fd th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecbnh trung \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 minh li\u1ec5u \u00fd th\u1ee9c. Nay ch\u1ec9 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y t\u00e1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1m \u00fd th\u1ee9c n\u00ean t\u00e1n v\u1ecb \u00fd th\u1ee9c l\u00fac duy\u00ean n\u0103m c\u0103n, n\u0103m tr\u1ea7n, tr\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u00f3ng trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng, theo t\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5p bi\u1ebfn kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea5p l\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt n\u00ean c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng duy\u00ean tr\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u00f3ng trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c duy\u00ean ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> Tr\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u00f3ng trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3nh, ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m duy\u00ean, \u00fd th\u1ee9c li\u1ec1n v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 tr\u0103ng c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c, c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n
L\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf l\u00e0 v\u1ecdng t\u00e2m, c\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3c v.v… l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01b0 gi\u1ea3 n\u00ean c\u00f9ng l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n
b- V\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4n:<\/p>\n
– H\u1eefu bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc lu\u1eadt nghi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea7y th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi, do h\u1eefu bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc n\u00e0y m\u1edbi hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed t\u01b0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf thi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ph\u00e1t c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n
– H\u1eefu bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc ch\u1eb3ng lu\u1eadt nghi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111ang gi\u01a1 dao s\u00e1t sinh t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p, do h\u1eefu bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc n\u00e0y m\u1edbi hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed t\u01b0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ph\u00e1t c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1eefu bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc, nh\u01b0 l\u00fac \u0111ang l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o hay ch\u1eedi m\u1eafng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp, do c\u00f3 v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc n\u00e0y m\u1edbi hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed t\u01b0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ph\u00e1t c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu \u00fd th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u kh\u1edfi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft duy\u00ean tr\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u00f3ng trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1eafc h\u01b0 gi\u1ea3 d\u00e0i ng\u1eafn vu\u00f4ng tr\u00f2n, l\u00e0 minh li\u1ec5u \u00fd th\u1ee9c duy\u00ean s\u1eafc tr\u1ea7n, t\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u \u00fd th\u1ee9c duy\u00ean bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1eafc ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed r\u00f5 ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 s\u1eafc tr\u1ea7n x\u1ee9; c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ea ch\u1eb3ng r\u00f5, v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 th\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn kh\u1edfi \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1eafc, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> \u1ea2nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 hai s\u1edf duy\u00ean g\u00ec ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> Th\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, s\u01a1 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u00e2n s\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n n\u0103ng duy\u00ean th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb3ng l\u00eca nhau, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh n\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i suy l\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u1ee9c ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 duy\u00ean, ch\u1ed7 suy ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean, hai ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean. \u1ea2nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n t\u00ean g\u1ecdi: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, hai l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n, ba l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i s\u1edf l\u1ef1 th\u00e1c, b\u1ed1n l\u00e0 th\u00e2n s\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n
K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, n\u1ebfu c\u00f9ng n\u0103ng duy\u00ean th\u1ec3 l\u00eca nhau l\u00e0 s\u01a1 s\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean, v\u00ec ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n; t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n n\u0103ng duy\u00ean l\u00eca nhau n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00eca.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e3 l\u00eca nhau t\u1ea1i sao g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> V\u00ec b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t hay kh\u1edfi t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n, v\u00ec kh\u1edfi theo t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n khi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0 v\u00ec b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t kh\u1edfi s\u1edf duy\u00ean n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean; v\u00ec th\u00e2n s\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy\u00ean n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean. Do v\u00ec kh\u1edfi s\u1edf duy\u00ean n\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ba t\u00ean g\u1ecdi: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, hai l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i s\u1edf l\u1ef1 th\u00e1c, ba l\u00e0 s\u01a1 s\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean; t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t hay kh\u1edfi t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n, t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n, ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ph\u1ea7n, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ph\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ph\u1ea7n. Do v\u00ec b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t hay kh\u1edfi t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e1, n\u00ean n\u00f3i b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean. Nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9c hay li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p, t\u1ee9c \u00fd th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u c\u00f3 n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u duy\u00ean ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3nh:<\/p>\n
1- \u0110\u1ecbnh trung \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u \u00fd th\u1ee9c, duy\u00ean c\u1ea3nh thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Trong c\u1ea3nh thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 l\u00fd, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1; trong s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p x\u1ee9 s\u1eafc nh\u01b0 c\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafc, c\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n
2- T\u00e1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u, duy\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p x\u1ee9 s\u1eafc do th\u1ecd v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf d\u1eabn kh\u1edfi nh\u01b0 duy\u00ean hoa \u0111\u1ed1m trong h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, s\u1eebng th\u1ecf, b\u00f3ng trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n
3- M\u1ed9ng trung \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u, duy\u00ean c\u1ea3nh trong m\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p x\u1ee9 s\u1eafc do bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n
4- Minh li\u1ec5u \u00fd th\u1ee9c, n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u0103m c\u0103n m\u00f4n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng duy\u00ean n\u0103m tr\u1ea7n, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 minh li\u1ec5u \u00fd th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n
5- Lo\u1ea1n \u00fd th\u1ee9c, l\u00e0 t\u00e1n \u00fd th\u1ee9c d\u1ea5y kh\u1edfi cu\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1n n\u01a1i n\u0103m c\u0103n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng duy\u00ean v\u1edbi n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t th\u1ea5y m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e0 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c, n\u00f3 duy\u00ean n\u01a1i s\u1eafc do bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n
L\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu minh li\u1ec5u \u00fd th\u1ee9c do bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p, minh li\u1ec5u \u00fd th\u1ee9c n\u01a1i n\u0103m c\u0103n m\u00f4n c\u00f9ng n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng duy\u00ean n\u0103m tr\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ebd ra l\u1ea5y n\u0103m th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu y, tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u1edfi.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u1edfi g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n
1- \u0110\u1ecbnh trung \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u1ec9 duy\u00ean c\u1ea3nh trong \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eb3ng duy\u00ean v\u1edbi n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
2- M\u1ed9ng trung \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u, duy\u00ean c\u1ea3nh ph\u00e1p tr\u1ea7n trong m\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng trong m\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng do bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf kh\u1edfi.<\/p>\n
3- T\u00e1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1edbng, duy\u00ean s\u1eafc do bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n
4- T\u00e1n \u00fd th\u1ee9c, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> S\u00e1u th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi bao nhi\u00eau t\u00e2m s\u1edf ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> Lu\u1eadn t\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh,<\/em>
\nBi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh, thi\u1ec7n, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o,<\/em>
\nT\u00f9y phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/em>
\nT\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi ba th\u1ecd.<\/em><\/p>\n
S\u00e1u chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi s\u00e1u t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v.v… lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e2m, l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c t\u00e2m n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u00e3 s\u1edf, t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1edf duy\u00ean ch\u1ec9 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y t\u1ed5ng t\u01b0\u1edbng, t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1edf duy\u00ean ch\u1ec9 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng, gi\u00fap th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7y tr\u00f2 h\u1ecda s\u0129 t\u1ea1o ra khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu v\u00e0 t\u00f4 m\u00e0u.<\/p>\n
Du-gi\u00e0<\/em> n\u00f3i: \u201cTh\u1ee9c hay li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t t\u1ed5ng t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1, t\u00e1c \u00fd bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng, x\u00fac hay li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1eeba \u00fd, th\u1ecd hay li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edbng hay li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft nh\u00e2n, t\u01b0 hay li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh nh\u00e2n, v\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00e1c \u00fd v.v… g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p t\u00e2m s\u1edf. \u0110\u00e2y bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u0169ng duy\u00ean t\u1ed5ng t\u01b0\u1edbng. Ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i d\u1ee5c c\u0169ng hay li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u01b0a th\u00edch, th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i c\u0169ng li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, ni\u1ec7m c\u0169ng li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng quen thu\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ec7 c\u0169ng li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea5t. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u01a1i c\u1ea3nh kh\u1edfi thi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m v.v… c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u1ea3nh s\u1edf duy\u00ean n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3 bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n
S\u00e1u v\u1ecb sai bi\u1ec7t g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 n\u0103m bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh, n\u0103m bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh, 11 thi\u1ec7n, s\u00e1u phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, 20 t\u00f9y phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, 4 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u00e1u v\u1ecb c\u00f3 51 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, v\u00ec trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 trong thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m sinh ra, v\u00ec t\u00ednh n\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c c\u0103n b\u1ea3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec5m phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, v\u00ec c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, cho \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1u chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi ba th\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn l\u00e3nh s\u1ef1 thu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecbch ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i hai t\u01b0\u1edbng. Ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3nh thu\u1eadn th\u00e2n t\u00e2m th\u01b0 th\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1ea1c th\u1ecd; ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3nh ngh\u1ecbch th\u00e2n t\u00e2m b\u1ee9c r\u1ee9c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 th\u1ecd; ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3nh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e2n t\u00e2m ch\u1eb3ng kh\u1ed5 ch\u1eb3ng vui g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ed5 l\u1ea1c th\u1ecd.<\/p>\n
Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n
Ba c\u00e2u tr\u00ean trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u00ean g\u1ecdi chung c\u1ee7a s\u00e1u ph\u00e1p t\u00e2m s\u1edf, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd. H\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m s\u1edf l\u00e0 t\u00e2m n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng chung c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 n\u00f3i duy\u00ean m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 duy\u00ean l\u1ea5y chung m\u00e0u xanh ch\u1eb3ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7y tr\u00f2 h\u1ecda s\u0129 t\u1ea1o ra khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu v\u00e0 t\u00f4 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu v\u1ebd h\u00ecnh xong, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed t\u00f4 m\u00e0u. M\u00e0u s\u1eafc ch\u1eb3ng l\u00eca khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu nh\u01b0 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng chung; l\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4 m\u00e0u c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb9p r\u1ea1ng r\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng ri\u00eang. T\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u00e1p n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3nh c\u0169ng th\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 hay li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng chung c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c, ch\u1eb3ng n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng ri\u00eang; v\u00ec n\u1ebfu n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng ri\u00eang l\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. M\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p t\u00e1c \u00fd ri\u00eang hay li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1edbng ri\u00eang, do v\u00ec t\u00e1c \u00fd khi\u1ebfn cho t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3nh m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n n\u00ean n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n
Lu\u1eadn Du-gi\u00e0<\/em> n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u00fd\u201d. Lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y x\u00fac l\u00e0m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00ec h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p th\u00f9 th\u1eafng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u ri\u00eang y c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a. X\u00fac hay n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y ba th\u1ee9 kh\u1ea3 \u00fd, b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i nhau. Trong th\u1ecd hay nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i nhau. T\u01b0\u1edfng hay li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft v\u00ec hay n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3nh r\u1ed3i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 xanh hay l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i xanh v.v… b\u00e8n kh\u1edfi ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft, cho n\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft. T\u01b0 hay li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh nh\u00e2n, l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i nhau, l\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u1ea3nh th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh t\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn t\u00e2m n\u00e0o, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 kh\u1edfi li\u1ec1n c\u00f3. C\u00f2n ri\u00eang n\u0103m bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh. V\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 trong thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m m\u1edbi sinh l\u00e0 trong m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. V\u00ec th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n hay sinh c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u00e1u m\u00f3n tham v.v…<\/p>\n
N\u01a1i t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n m\u00f3n b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ba t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c v\u00f4 k\u00fd t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
V\u00ec s\u00e1u chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y, th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m, v\u00ec th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh thay \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u00f4n b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 l\u00fac th\u00edch l\u00fac kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ba th\u1ecd.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi ph\u1eadn v\u1ecb ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> Duy Th\u1ee9c T\u1ee5ng<\/em> n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n
Y ch\u1ec9 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c<\/em>
\nN\u0103m th\u1ee9c t\u00f9y duy\u00ean hi\u1ec7n<\/em>
\nHo\u1eb7c c\u00e2u, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t c\u00e2u<\/em>
\nNh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng m\u00f2i n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em>
\n\u00dd th\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi<\/em>
\nTr\u1eeb sinh V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean,<\/em>
\nV\u00e0 hai \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng t\u00e2m,<\/em>
\nNg\u1ee7 say v\u00e0 ng\u1ea5t x\u1ec9u.<\/em><\/p>\n
C\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c a-\u0111\u00e0-na, v\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n sinh ra c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh. Y ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u00e1u chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea5y c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a. N\u0103m th\u1ee9c ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u0103m chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng nhau n\u00ean g\u1ecdi chung. T\u00f9y duy\u00ean hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 n\u00f3i hi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1edfi. Duy\u00ean ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c duy\u00ean t\u00e1c \u00fd, c\u0103n, c\u1ea3nh v.v\u2026 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c trong th\u00e2n n\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c theo c\u00e1c duy\u00ean b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u00e1c \u00fd n\u0103m c\u0103n c\u1ea3nh v.v… h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c c\u00f9ng, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi. V\u00ec duy\u00ean b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 nhanh ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eadm nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi s\u00f3ng t\u00f9y duy\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u \u00edt. H\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a n\u0103m chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00ec l\u00fac n\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edd c\u00e1c duy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee7 n\u00ean l\u00fac kh\u1edfi th\u00ec \u00edt, ch\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n
\u00dd th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u tuy c\u0169ng th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c duy\u00ean n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a; do tr\u00e1i duy\u00ean n\u00ean c\u00f3 khi ch\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi.<\/p>\n
H\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y, th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m vi t\u1ebf, nh\u1edd n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a c\u00e1c duy\u00ean n\u00ean lu\u00f4n c\u00f3; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 duy\u00ean, b\u1ecb ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn ch\u1eb3ng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0 l\u1ef1, ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n theo b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, v\u00ec nh\u1edd nhi\u1ec1u duy\u00ean m\u1edbi kh\u1edfi n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, \u00edt khi hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n
\u00dd th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u hay t\u01b0 l\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec3n theo trong ngo\u00e0i, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1edd nhi\u1ec1u duy\u00ean, th\u01b0\u1eddng hay hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi; ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00ean \u00edt khi gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u1eb3ng n\u00f3i n\u00f3 theo duy\u00ean hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n
Y ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea5y c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m n\u01a1i y c\u1ee9 chung l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n
Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u chung n\u00ean n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a g\u1ea7n g\u0169i l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed th\u1ee9c, v\u00ec ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng nhau, c\u00f3 n\u0103m: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1eafc c\u0103n, hai l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng duy\u00ean s\u1eafc c\u1ea3nh, ba l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 duy\u00ean hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, b\u1ed1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u0103m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng nhau, n\u00ean n\u00f3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng t\u00f9y duy\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u \u00edt, kinh Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e2m M\u1eadt<\/em> n\u00f3i: \u201cNh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng th\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng kh\u1edfi th\u00ec ngay l\u00fac \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec3n, cho \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng kh\u1edfi th\u00ec ngay l\u00fac \u1ea5y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec3n; c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng th\u00e1c, v\u00ec n\u01b0\u01a1ng a-\u0111\u00e0-na cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n v.v…\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u1ea5y n\u0103m th\u1ee9c d\u1ee5 cho l\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng, b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c d\u1ee5 cho d\u00f2ng th\u00e1c. N\u0103m th\u1ee9c th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0 l\u1ef1, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea7m t\u1ee9 n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi, ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n
\u00dd th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u t\u1ef1 hay t\u01b0 l\u1ef1, chuy\u1ec3n theo trong ngo\u00e0i, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng hay kh\u1edfi, ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p: v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean, v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh, di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, ng\u1ee7 say, ng\u1ea5t x\u1ec9u.<\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n
1- Nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng l\u1ea5y bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ec9 n\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n
2- Nh\u01b0 \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea5y g\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh b\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n
Bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ee5 cho b\u1ea3n t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng d\u1ee5 cho chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n
Trong m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec7m c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n nghi\u1ec7p:<\/p>\n
1- Li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t kh\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
2- Li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t y nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
3- Li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t ng\u00e3 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
4- Li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9c li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y s\u00e1t-na s\u00e1t-na c\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9c trong m\u1ed9t s\u00e1t-na c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ee5ng sai bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n
Kinh M\u1eadt Nghi\u00eam<\/em> c\u00f3 k\u1ec7:<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1edbp, m\u00e2y n\u1ed5i<\/em>
\n\u0110\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt<\/em>
\nNh\u01b0 th\u1ee3 l\u00e0m b\u00ecnh g\u1ed1m …<\/em>
\nDo ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh<\/em>
\nNh\u00e2n gi\u1ea3 n\u00ean l\u1eafng nghe<\/em>
\nNh\u1eefng h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gian<\/em>
\nT\u1eadp kh\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng che t\u00e2m<\/em>
\nSinh c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 h\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/em>
\nC\u00f9ng c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/em>
\nN\u0103m ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ba t\u00ednh<\/em>
\nC\u00f9ng hai th\u1ee9 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/em>
\nLu\u00f4n chung m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/em>
\nD\u1ea5y kh\u1edfi c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9c<\/em>
\nS\u00f3ng d\u1eady n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1eb3ng d\u1eebng<\/em>
\nL\u1ea1i-da c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf,<\/em>
\nT\u1eadp kh\u00ed t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9<\/em>
\nNh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft<\/em>
\nGi\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/em>
\nSinh kh\u1edfi c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9c<\/em>
\nKh\u00f4ng khi n\u00e0o d\u1ee9t tuy\u1ec7t<\/em>
\nT\u00e1m lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/em>
\nTuy kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh<\/em>
\nHo\u1eb7c t\u00f9y duy\u00ean li\u1ec1n kh\u1edfi.<\/em>
\nHo\u1eb7c c\u00f3 l\u00fac t\u1ea1m sinh<\/em>
\nCh\u1ea5p c\u1ea3nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf<\/em>
\nTi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1n c\u00f3 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/em>
\nT\u00e2m chuy\u1ec3n theo nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda,<\/em>
\nNh\u1eadt, nguy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 tinh t\u00fa<\/em>
\nC\u00e0nh l\u00e1 v\u00e0 hoa qu\u1ea3<\/em>
\nN\u00fai r\u1eebng v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n ch\u00fang<\/em>
\n\u1ede t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i<\/em>
\n\u0110\u1ec1u sinh kh\u1edfi nhanh ch\u1eadm<\/em>
\nPh\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u hay ch\u1ee3t hi\u1ec7n<\/em>
\nHo\u1eb7c d\u1eabn kh\u1edfi sai bi\u1ec7t<\/em>
\nHo\u1eb7c l\u00fac trong chi\u00eam bao<\/em>
\nTh\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a<\/em>
\nV\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi sinh<\/em>
\nCho \u0111\u1ebfn khi gi\u00e0 ch\u1ebft<\/em>
\nT\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c<\/em>
\nSuy t\u00ecm n\u01a1i ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/em>
\nNghi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabm v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng hay<\/em>
\nTh\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c ngon<\/em>
\n\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u1ea5y<\/em>
\nL\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t hay li\u1ec5u tri.<\/em>
\nHo\u1eb7c c\u00f3 l\u00fac ch\u1ee3t sinh<\/em>
\nR\u1ed3i n\u1eafm gi\u1eef c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3.<\/em>
\nT\u00e2m t\u00ednh v\u1ed1n thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/em>
\nKh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 suy l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em>
\nNh\u01b0 Lai di\u1ec7u t\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y<\/em>
\nNh\u01b0 v\u00e0ng \u1edf trong kho\u00e1ng<\/em>
\n\u00dd sinh t\u1eeb t\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c<\/em>
\nS\u00e1u th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng th\u1ebf.<\/em>
\nS\u00e1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u<\/em>
\nSai bi\u1ec7t n\u01a1i ba c\u00f5i<\/em>
\nC\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/em>
\nC\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c<\/em>
\nTuy \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee5 v\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/em>
\nT\u00ednh Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ee7ng c\u0169ng th\u1ebf<\/em>
\n\u0110\u1ecbnh phi \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ecbnh<\/em>
\nNh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5<\/em>
\nNh\u01b0ng s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eddi<\/em>
\nL\u1ea1i-da c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf,<\/em>
\nT\u00f9y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba sai bi\u1ec7t<\/em>
\nTu h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc<\/em>
\nL\u00eca nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t.<\/em><\/p>\n
Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 \u00fd c\u0103n duy\u00ean c\u1ea3nh, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u01a1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c, \u00fd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. \u00dd kh\u1edfi nhanh ch\u00f3ng, \u00fd \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, \u00fd thi\u1ec7n th\u00ec ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh, \u00fd \u00e1c th\u00ec c\u1ea3nh t\u00e0, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u01a1i th\u1edf, h\u00edt v\u00e0o th\u00ec \u1ea5m, th\u1edf ra th\u00ec l\u1ea1nh; nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1ea1nh th\u00ec k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdng, n\u00f3ng th\u00ec tan ch\u1ea3y; hu\u1ed1ng chi ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m n\u00e0y ph\u00f3ng t\u00fang l\u00e0 ph\u00e0m, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh; chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn tuy kh\u00e1c, ch\u00e2n t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n
Kinh \u01af\u01a1ng-qu\u1eadt-ma-la<\/em> ghi:<\/p>\n
\u00dd ph\u00e1p \u0111i tru\u1edbc,<\/em>
\n\u00dd th\u1eafng, \u00fd sinh,<\/em>
\n\u00dd ph\u00e1p t\u1ecbnh t\u00edn<\/em>
\nHo\u1eb7c n\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m,<\/em>
\nKho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ebfn<\/em>
\nNh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng theo h\u00ecnh.<\/em><\/p>\n
Ta v\u00ec Thanh v\u0103n th\u1eeba n\u00f3i k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y.<\/em><\/p>\n
\u00dd l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a Nh\u01b0 Lai t\u1ea1ng, t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thanh t\u1ecbnh, Nh\u01b0 Lai t\u1ea1ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p, Nh\u01b0 Lai t\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p; t\u1ecbnh t\u00edn \u00fd ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, th\u1ea5y th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thanh t\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 Nh\u01b0 Lai t\u1ea1ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt; ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gian nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5y b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u1ea5y Nh\u01b0 Lai t\u1ea1ng c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng theo h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
\u00dd ph\u00e1p \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00fd th\u1eafng \u00fd sinh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00fd ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m \u00e1c ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m, c\u00e1c kh\u1ed5 t\u1ef1 theo, nh\u01b0 b\u00e1nh xe theo v\u1ebft. B\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y n\u00f3i ngh\u0129a phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n
\u00dd ph\u00e1p \u00e1c ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ecb v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o che l\u1ea5p t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c. T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m Nh\u01b0 Lai t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0o v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u0129a phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, v\u00ec th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ee5c ch\u1eb3ng d\u1ee9t. Ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 theo m\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4i nh\u01b0 b\u00e1nh xe theo v\u1ebft ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c t\u00edch t\u1ee5 n\u00ean b\u1ecb sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh trong ba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1c nh\u01b0 b\u00e1nh xe theo v\u1ebft, cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u00fac thi\u1ec7n th\u00ec tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n, t\u00e2m \u01b0a th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c.<\/p>\n
Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t ni\u1ec7m t\u00e2m t\u1ecbnh th\u1ea5y Nh\u01b0 Lai t\u1ea1ng t\u00ednh hay \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec1m vui t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng theo h\u00ecnh. C\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec7m t\u00e2m \u00e1c v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n lao \u0111\u1ecda trong c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i, ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 sinh t\u1eed nh\u01b0 b\u00e1nh xe theo v\u1ebft. D\u00f9ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 b\u00f3ng theo h\u00ecnh v\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eb3ng r\u1eddi; d\u00f9ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 b\u00e1nh xe theo v\u1ebft, v\u00ec xoay chuy\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, v\u00ec th\u1ebf thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c theo t\u00e2m ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, n\u1ebfu kh\u00e9o th\u1ea5y th\u00ec ngay \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. Do \u0111\u00f3 kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba L\u00fd Th\u00fa<\/em> ghi: \u201cV\u00ec th\u1ebf B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t ng\u0169 c\u00e1i do \u0111\u00e2u sinh kh\u1edfi, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o xa l\u00eca ? Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n s\u1eafc d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 tr\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u00e2m sinh ph\u00e1p sinh, t\u00e2m tham d\u1ee5c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ni\u1ec7m ni\u1ec7m ch\u1eb3ng d\u1eebng ch\u00f3ng kh\u1edfi ch\u00f3ng di\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/p>\n
Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba B\u1ea3n Sinh T\u00e2m \u0110\u1ecba Qu\u00e1n<\/em>: \u201cL\u1ea5y t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p, l\u1ea5y t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p. T\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh n\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi thanh t\u1ecbnh, t\u00e2m t\u1ea1p u\u1ebf n\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ea1p u\u1ebf. Trong Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ta l\u1ea5y t\u00e2m l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng do t\u00e2m\u201d. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0 Th\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1 sinh trong ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda l\u1edbn m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng b\u1ecb l\u1eeda thi\u00eau ch\u00e1y, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i do ta l\u00e0m ra, cho n\u00ean bi\u1ebft tha l\u1ef1c do t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1eb3ng d\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00ec con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m ch\u1eb3ng xa, qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o tr\u1eafng \u0111en r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng; qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c tuy sai kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfc g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecdng t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0 kinh Nh\u1eadp L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/em> c\u00f3 k\u1ec7:<\/p>\n
V\u00ed nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/em>
\nTuy th\u1ea5y m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3<\/em>
\nHu\u00e2n t\u1eadp t\u00e2m g\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5y<\/em>
\nPh\u00e0m phu n\u00f3i c\u00f3 hai<\/em>
\nCh\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft duy t\u00e2m th\u1ea5y<\/em>
\nTh\u1ebf n\u00ean ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hai<\/em>
\nNh\u01b0 th\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft t\u00e2m<\/em>
\nPh\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng sinh.<\/em><\/p>\n
Cho n\u00ean n\u1ebfu th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft t\u00e2m, nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 th\u1ea5y m\u1eb7t m\u0169i trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n sinh v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1ea7n. \u0110\u00e3 c\u1edfi b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c th\u00ec bi\u1ec3n nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ea1n kh\u00f4. Kinh Hi\u1ec1n Ki\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ecbnh \u00dd<\/em> ghi: \u201cTi\u00eau di\u1ec7t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7\u201d.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> N\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/em> n\u00f3i: \u201cV\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tu \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n s\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00f4 sinh trong c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi, tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh, l\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edfng di\u1ec7t l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean\u201d.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0 hai \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 t\u00e2m, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 hai \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n
V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i d\u1ecb sinh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n tham c\u1ee7a c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi Bi\u1ebfn T\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i nhi\u1ec5m th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea9m, do ban \u0111\u1ea7u xa l\u00eca t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u00fd, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m, t\u00e2m s\u1edf ch\u1eb3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh di\u1ec7t, t\u01b0\u1edfng di\u1ec7t l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng; khi\u1ebfn th\u00e2n an h\u00f2a n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
Di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ee5c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c l\u00eca tham c\u1ee7a c\u00f5i V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu, tham th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean do d\u1ee9t t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u00fd khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m t\u00e2m s\u1edf nhi\u1ec5m \u00f4 ch\u1eb3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh, di\u1ec7t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn; khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m an h\u00f2a n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
V\u00f4 t\u00e2m, ng\u1ee7 say v\u00e0 ng\u1ea5t x\u1ec9u, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u1ee7 say v\u00e0 ng\u1ea5t x\u1ec9u khi\u1ebfn cho s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1eb3ng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh, cho \u0111\u1ebfn trong n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, lo\u00e0i d\u1ecb sinh c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n; ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh ch\u1ee9ng di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ba c\u00e1i sau; trong \u1ea5y Nh\u01b0 Lai t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i; B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7 say v\u00e0 ng\u1ea5t x\u1ec9u.<\/p>\n
Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n
V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n s\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00f4 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o cho t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 sinh t\u1eed li\u1ec1n ch\u00e1n l\u00eca, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y, th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m n\u00ean n\u00f3i l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00f4; t\u01b0\u1edfng vi t\u1ebf v\u1eabn c\u00f2n n\u00ean di\u1ec7t m\u1ea5t n\u01a1i s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c, th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m vi t\u1ebf, s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n
V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf ph\u1ee5c tham c\u1ee7a c\u00f5i Bi\u1ebfn T\u1ecbnh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n tr\u1edf l\u00ean v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u1ebf ph\u1ee5c tham, ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y l\u00eca d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n
Xu\u1ea5t ly t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi c\u00e1i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n
T\u00e2m t\u00e2m s\u1edf ch\u1eb3ng lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh di\u1ec7t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y th\u1ee9c b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u \u00edt.<\/p>\n
T\u00e1c \u00fd ph\u1ee5c nhi\u1ec5m m\u00e0 nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh, nh\u01b0 nh\u1ecdt, nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n ch\u1ed7 sinh kh\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u1ec9 cho v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh vi di\u1ec7u m\u00e0 gi\u1eef t\u00e2m tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng; nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00eca c\u00e1c s\u1edf duy\u00ean, t\u00e2m li\u1ec1n t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n
Di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb hai qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u. Ch\u1ec9 b\u1eadc ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb th\u1ee9 ba (A-na-h\u00e0m) tr\u1edf \u0111i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y. V\u00ec trong h\u00e0ng h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb lo\u00e0i d\u1ecb sinh l\u00eca tham c\u1ee7a c\u00f5i V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n
Tham th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1eb3ng ch\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00ec di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ec9 n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o phi t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1edfi, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 y c\u1ee9 h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba m\u1edbi tu m\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u00eca. B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ch\u1ebf ph\u1ee5c ch\u1eb3ng l\u00eca tham th\u00ec c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 di\u1ec7t th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
Trong n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, lo\u00e0i d\u1ecb sinh c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9 sau. Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t B\u00e1t \u0110\u1ecba tr\u1edf \u0111i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u1ee7 say v\u00e0 ng\u1ea5t x\u1ec9u. V\u00ec l\u00e0 \u00e1c ph\u00e1p n\u00ean th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 ng\u1ee7 m\u00e0 th\u1eadt ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, c\u00f2n Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u1ea5t x\u1ec9u.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> Di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e2m, hai \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n
1- C\u0103n c\u1ee9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1c nhau: Di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 ph\u00e0m phu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n
2- \u0110i\u1ec1u mong c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c nhau: nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 d\u1ee9t t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c; nh\u1eadp v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n
3- C\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau: V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 h\u1eefu l\u1eadu hay c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean; di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o ba c\u00f5i.<\/p>\n
4- Di\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u \u00edt kh\u00e1c nhau: Di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh di\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y m\u1ea1t-na; v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh di\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c \u00edt, kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> Di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e2m, t\u1ea1i sao ch\u1eb3ng ra kh\u1ecfi ba c\u00f5i ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> Ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ee5c t\u00e2m th\u00f4 c\u1ee7a s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e2m. Th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y, th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m t\u00e2m v\u1eabn c\u00f2n, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00f4 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n
Lu\u1eadn Th\u00e0nh Nghi\u1ec7p<\/em> ghi: \u201cT\u00e2m c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m, v\u00ec l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed; hai l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e2m, v\u00ec h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1edf duy\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sai bi\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecba v\u1ecb di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 hai n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e2m, nh\u01b0 ng\u1ef1a m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n, v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> N\u0103m c\u0103n, b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng t\u00edch ch\u1ee9a m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p trong ngo\u00e0i, ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i, ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a d\u00f9ng b\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n
1- L\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7ng, l\u00e0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec tr\u00f9m kh\u1eafp n\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng sinh n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7ng.<\/p>\n
2- L\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 n\u0103m c\u0103n… v\u00ec hay sinh n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng, v\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng kh\u1eafp n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
3- C\u0169ng ch\u1ee7ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc… v\u00ec th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh bao la n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u00ec c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng.<\/p>\n
4- Ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ea1i, ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ee7ng, l\u00e0 Thanh v\u0103n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> S\u00e1u c\u0103n ph\u00e2n ra ki\u1ebfn, v\u0103n, gi\u00e1c, tri c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> Theo Du-gi\u00e0 c\u00f3 ba l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 1- ch\u1ee9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, 2- t\u1ef7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, 3- ch\u00ed gi\u00e1o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n
Lu\u1eadn n\u00f3i: \u201cBa l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp s\u00e1u c\u0103n, n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o nh\u00e3n c\u0103n trong ch\u1ee9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u00e1p g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn; n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m c\u0103n nh\u0129, t\u1ef7, thi\u1ec7t, th\u00e2n, \u00fd, t\u00e2m t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u00e1p g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tri; n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o t\u1ef7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u00e1p g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u00e1c; n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o ch\u00ed gi\u00e1o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u00e1p g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u0103n\u201d.<\/p>\n
L\u1ea1i n\u00f3i: \u201cN\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn, n\u1ebfu tri ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 y c\u1ee9 hi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng; n\u1ebfu gi\u00e1c ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 y c\u1ee9 t\u1ef7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng; n\u1ebfu v\u0103n ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 y c\u1ee9 ch\u00ed gi\u00e1o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d.<\/p>\n
Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: Ch\u1ee9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n minh ch\u1ee9ng bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Nh\u00e3n t\u00e2m t\u00e2m s\u1edf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn; n\u0103m c\u0103n nh\u0129, t\u1ef7, thi\u1ec7t, th\u00e2n, \u00fd t\u00e2m t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u00e1p l\u00fac bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3nh trong ch\u1ee9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tri; \u00fd c\u0103n t\u00e2m t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u00e1p li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi trong t\u1ef7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch v\u00e1ch th\u1ea5y s\u1eebng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u00f2, so l\u01b0\u1eddng suy t\u00ecm ch\u1ec9 do \u00fd c\u0103n; y theo ch\u00ed gi\u00e1o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u00e1p g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u0103n. Ng\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc ch\u00ed Th\u00e1nh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u00ed gi\u00e1o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh ng\u00f4n gi\u00e1o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u1ede \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 ba l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> Trong b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i, s\u00e1u c\u0103n l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7\u00a0 ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> L\u1ea5y t\u00e2m l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7. B\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i v.v… kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do t\u00e2m n\u00ean g\u1ecdi t\u00e2m l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7. Kinh Di Gi\u00e1o<\/em> n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u00e2m l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a n\u0103m c\u0103n\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y n\u00f3i l\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u g\u00e1 thai, t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u0103n n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7. Tuy m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
Thi\u00ean Thai gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i t\u00e2m ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c c\u0103n, t\u00e2m v\u00ec th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u00ean l\u00fac th\u00e2n b\u1ec7nh, t\u00e2m c\u0169ng b\u1ec7nh theo, l\u00e0m sao l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ? Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 khi thay th\u1ebf l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n vi th\u00ec \u00f9 l\u1ef3 n\u00ean b\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ch\u1ebf, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ba vi n\u00ean b\u1ecb l\u1eeda kh\u1eafc ch\u1ebf, l\u1eeda c\u00f3 hai vi n\u00ean b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 kh\u1eafc ch\u1ebf, gi\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t vi n\u00ean b\u1ecb t\u00e2m kh\u1eafc ch\u1ebf, t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi n\u00e0o n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7. L\u1ea1i c\u00f2n b\u1ecb b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o lo\u1ea1n n\u00ean ngh\u0129a ch\u1ee7 ch\u1eb3ng th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n
L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y t\u00ednh c\u1ee9ng th\u00ec l\u1ebd ra ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng; n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y t\u00ednh \u01b0\u1edbt th\u00ec l\u1ebd ra ch\u1eb3ng th\u00e0nh s\u00f3ng; l\u1eeda gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y t\u00ednh n\u00f3ng th\u00ec l\u1ebd ra ch\u1eb3ng b\u1eebng ch\u00e1y; gi\u00f3 gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec l\u1ebd ra ch\u1eb3ng n\u1eafm gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng th\u1eadt, ch\u1eb3ng th\u1eadt n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
Kinh Th\u1ec9nh Qu\u00e1n \u00c2m<\/em> n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee9ng ch\u1eafc, t\u00ednh n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n, l\u1eeda t\u1eeb duy\u00ean sinh, t\u00ednh gi\u00f3 v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i, m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0o n\u01a1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c. L\u1ea1i t\u00e2m c\u0169ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c tranh nhau nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ea1nh k\u00e9o l\u00f4i\u201d.<\/p>\n
Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/em> n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u00e2m, \u00fd, th\u1ee9c, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 kh\u00e1c t\u00ean. H\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m, hay sinh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00fd, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c. L\u1ea1i kh\u1edfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u00e2m, kh\u1edfi ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 \u00fd, sau \u0111\u00f3 li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c. Ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y t\u00e2m tuy h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac li\u1ec1n th\u1ecd \u00e1c b\u00e1o cho n\u00ean b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i k\u00e9o l\u00f4i. Ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi t\u00e2m tuy h\u00e0nh \u00e1c, khi l\u00e2m chung thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd li\u1ec1n theo nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n sinh l\u00ean c\u00f5i tr\u00ean, v\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ea1nh k\u00e9o l\u00f4i\u201d.<\/p>\n
Do \u0111\u00e2y bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf gian kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3, ch\u1ec9 theo duy\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n ni\u1ec7m ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n m\u00e0 sinh th\u1ee7 x\u1ea3. M\u1ed7i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5ng, ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i, ni\u1ec7m ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt th\u00ec h\u1eb3n v\u00e0o n\u01a1i nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt, trong ch\u1ed7 th\u1eadt t\u1ebf danh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eb7t, nh\u01b0 t\u1ee9 nh\u00e3n v\u00e0o Ph\u1eadt nh\u00e3n, th\u1eadp tr\u00ed v\u00e0o th\u1eadt tr\u00ed, \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1ea5t t\u00ean g\u1ecdi, nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt r\u01a1i v\u00e0o h\u0169 m\u1eadt, c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng t\u1ee5 h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3n, m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 m\u00f9i v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u ng\u1ecdt hay m\u1eb7n, nh\u01b0 mu\u00f4n ph\u00e1p quy v\u1ec1 trong T\u00f4ng C\u1ea3nh c\u00f9ng theo m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> T\u00f9y theo c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 y c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o n\u0103m s\u1eafc c\u0103n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i l\u00e0m sao ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> N\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u0103n h\u1ed7 d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0 kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa n\u00f3i m\u0169i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y s\u1eafc. Lu\u1eadn Qu\u00e1n T\u00e2m<\/em> v.v… n\u00f3i: \u201cN\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u0103n h\u1ed7 d\u1ee5ng, m\u1ed9t c\u0103n ph\u00e1t th\u1ee9c duy\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 theo c\u0103n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n nhau\u201d. Kinh Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ecba<\/em> n\u00f3i: \u201cTh\u00e0nh s\u1edf t\u00e1c tr\u00ed quy\u1ebft tr\u1ea1ch t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh sai bi\u1ec7t kh\u1edfi ra ba nghi\u1ec7p gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng t\u1ee9 k\u00fd. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng duy\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y\u201d.<\/p>\n
Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: Ba nghi\u1ec7p gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9, kinh Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ecba<\/em> n\u00f3i: Th\u00e2n gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a c\u00f3 ba: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a, hai l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ecd sinh gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a, ba l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n
Ng\u1eef h\u00f3a c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ba: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng l\u1eddi an \u1ee7i gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a, hai l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a, ba l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n
\u00dd h\u00f3a c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft tr\u1ea1ch \u00fd gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a, hai l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c \u00fd gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a, ba l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi \u00fd gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a, b\u1ed1n l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd \u00fd gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n
Trong l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd \u00fd gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p (t\u1ee9 k\u00fd): m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, hai l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p, ba l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n v\u1ea5n gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p, b\u1ed1n l\u00e0 im l\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p.<\/p>\n
T\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh ba nghi\u1ec7p, trong ch\u1ed7 ch\u01b0a chuy\u1ec3n y t\u00f9y d\u00f2ng theo c\u1ea3nh, sinh h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m, k\u1ebft r\u1ec5 sinh t\u1eed, ch\u1ec9 kh\u1edfi tri\u1ec1n c\u00e1i kh\u1ed5 t\u1eadp, tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi t\u00ednh gi\u00e1c thanh t\u1ecbnh, h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi v\u1ecdng tr\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi x\u1ee9, d\u1ef1ng v\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u1eddng tam h\u1eefu, t\u1ea1o s\u00f3ng m\u00f2i t\u1ee9 l\u01b0u, \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n y th\u1ea7m h\u1ee3p ch\u00e2n ngh\u1ecbch d\u00f2ng, theo h\u1ea1nh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh l\u00fd, hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7u qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t t\u00e2m, c\u1edfi b\u1ecf l\u01b0\u1edbi nghi cho t\u1ee9 sinh, l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh s\u1edf t\u00e1c tr\u00ed, kh\u1edfi ra c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a tam lu\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu x\u00e9t c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn n\u01a1i t\u00e2m th\u00ec tr\u1ea7n lao l\u00e0 di\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1; \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t \u00fd ch\u1ec9 th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1c l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 lu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a sinh di\u1ec7t. V\u00ec th\u1ebf bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i do ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eafc th\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0 b\u00e0n tay x\u1ea5p ng\u1eeda, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi say t\u1ec9nh. V\u00ec sao ? X\u1ea5p c\u0169ng l\u00e0 tay, ng\u1eeda c\u0169ng l\u00e0 tay; l\u00fac x\u1ea5p ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac ng\u1eeda, l\u00fac ng\u1eeda ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac x\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng r\u1eddi b\u00e0n tay. Say c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1ec9nh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi; l\u00fac say ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac t\u1ec9nh, l\u00fac t\u1ec9nh ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac say, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng l\u00eca say c\u00f3 t\u1ec9nh, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ngay say l\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, m\u00ea c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u00e2m, ng\u1ed9 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u00e2m; l\u00fac m\u00ea ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac ng\u1ed9, l\u00fac ng\u1ed9 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac m\u00ea, nh\u01b0ng m\u00ea ng\u1ed9 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, ch\u00ednh th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1ec9 l\u00fac B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn, m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb3ng x\u00ea d\u1ecbch, ngh\u00ecn sai t\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c. M\u00ea th\u00ec u\u1ed5ng b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm ni\u1ec7m ni\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh ph\u00e0m, ng\u1ed9 th\u00ec v\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 vi\u00ean minh t\u00e2m t\u00e2m ch\u1ee9ng Th\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1edd duy\u00ean sinh, trong t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea5y duy\u00ean, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ee7 9 duy\u00ean:<\/p>\n
1- Kh\u00f4ng duy\u00ean: V\u00ec h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng r\u1ed7ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1eadt ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n c\u1ea3nh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i d\u1eabn ph\u00e1t sinh kh\u1edfi th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng duy\u00ean, v\u00ec nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nh\u1edd c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
2- Minh duy\u00ean: Minh l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00ec l\u00eca t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed1i t\u0103m, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, v\u00ec khai m\u1edf d\u1eabn d\u1eaft th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n
3- C\u0103n duy\u00ean: Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nh\u00e3n c\u0103n l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n
4- C\u1ea3nh duy\u00ean: V\u00ec c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng duy\u00ean l\u00e0m s\u1edf duy\u00ean, v\u00ec d\u1eabn ph\u00e1t th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n
5- T\u00e1c \u00fd duy\u00ean: V\u00ec ph\u00e1t t\u00e1c t\u00e2m \u00fd hay sinh kh\u1edfi; n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed t\u00e2m c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o khi\u1ebfn sinh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh; n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh d\u1eabn t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n
6- C\u0103n b\u1ea3n duy\u00ean: Th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n cho nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c v.v… v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng cho b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
7- Nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh duy\u00ean: Th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y v\u00e0 s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
8- Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t duy\u00ean: V\u00ec th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ti\u1ec1n c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n
9- Ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed duy\u00ean: V\u00ec ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c hay sinh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e2n bi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3 duy\u00ean. Ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 l\u00e0m n\u00ean hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n
Nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp duy\u00ean \u00e2m thanh, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1m duy\u00ean tr\u1eeb minh duy\u00ean, v\u00ec d\u00f9 trong t\u1ed1i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe.<\/p>\n
Ba th\u1ee9c t\u1ef7, thi\u1ec7t, th\u00e2n l\u00fac duy\u00ean h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ea3y duy\u00ean, tr\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng duy\u00ean v\u00e0 minh duy\u00ean. Ba th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee3p m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1edd kh\u00f4ng duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n
Khi \u00fd th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u duy\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 n\u0103m duy\u00ean: m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, hai c\u0103n duy\u00ean, ba t\u00e1c \u00fd, b\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed, n\u0103m c\u1ea3nh duy\u00ean; tr\u1eeb b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean: kh\u00f4ng, minh, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
L\u1ea1i trong b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i \u00fd th\u1ee9c: \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ed9c, t\u00e1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103m duy\u00ean. Ri\u00eang minh li\u1ec5u \u00fd th\u1ee9c theo n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 7, 8, 9 duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n
Khi th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y trong \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb h\u1eefu l\u1eadu duy\u00ean ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m l\u00e0m ng\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ba duy\u00ean: c\u0103n b\u1ea3n duy\u00ean, t\u00e1c \u00fd duy\u00ean, ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n
Khi th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m duy\u00ean ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed, c\u0103n th\u00e2n, kh\u00ed th\u1ebf gian ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean: m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh duy\u00ean l\u00e0 ba c\u1ea3nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc, hai c\u0103n duy\u00ean l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y, ba ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed, b\u1ed1n t\u00e1c \u00fd. N\u1ebfu th\u00eam \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00f4 gi\u00e1n duy\u00ean n\u01a1i t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c th\u00eam m\u1ed9t duy\u00ean nh\u01b0 nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 m\u01b0\u1eddi duy\u00ean v.v…<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> Trong tam gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c ch\u0103ng ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> Ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee7. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n
D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c; S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c. T\u1eeb Nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n tr\u1edf l\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ebfn V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9c sau, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
Tr\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ec9, s\u00fac sinh trong D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c; v\u00f4 gi\u00e1n ng\u1ee5c trong lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9c sau, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc; ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u, v\u00ec \u1edf ch\u1ed7 kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecfi:<\/strong> Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf hay kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p:<\/strong> C\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00f3i: \u201cTh\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m v\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p, v\u00ec do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. H\u1ec5 ch\u1ea5p th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i suy t\u01b0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00ean hai th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p:<\/p>\n
1- Bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng k\u1ebf: \u0110\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u \u00fd th\u1ee9c duy\u00ean kh\u1eafp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n
2- K\u1ebf m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebfn: Th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y ch\u1ec9 duy\u00ean a-l\u1ea1i-da kh\u1edfi k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n
3- C\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn c\u0169ng k\u1ebf: Th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u trong nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 so \u0111o t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n
4- Ch\u1eb3ng k\u1ebf ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebfn: N\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 duy\u00ean n\u0103m tr\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng so \u0111o t\u00ednh to\u00e1n; n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ea3nh, ch\u1eb3ng v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc danh ng\u00f4n, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m c\u0169ng th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":186473,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10789],"tags":[10791],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/tangthuphathoc.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/animate12.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tangthuphathoc.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/187884"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tangthuphathoc.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tangthuphathoc.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tangthuphathoc.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tangthuphathoc.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=187884"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tangthuphathoc.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/187884\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tangthuphathoc.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/186473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tangthuphathoc.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=187884"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tangthuphathoc.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=187884"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tangthuphathoc.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=187884"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}