Concise Pali-English Dictionary
A.P. Buddhadatta Mahathera

  – G –


gagana [nt.] the sky.

gaganagāmī [adj.] flying through the sky.

gaggarā [f.] name of a lake.

gaggarāyati [deno. from gaggarī] bellows; roars.

gaggarī [f.] blacksmith’s bellows.

gaṅgā [f.] river; the Ganges.

gaṅgātīra [nt.] riverbank.

gaṅgādvāra [nt.] mouth of a river.

gaṅgādhāra [m.] a river-basin.

gaṅgāpāra [nt.] further bank of a river.

gaṅgāsota [m.] river-stream; torrent.

gaṅgeyya [adj.] belonging to the Ganges.

gaccha [m.] a plant; a shrub.

gacchati [gam + a] goes; moves; walks.

gacchanta [pr.p. of gacchati] going; moving; walking.

gacchamāna [pr.p. of gacchati] going; moving; walking.

gacchi [aor. of gacchati] went; moved; walked.

gaja [m.] an elephant.

gajakumbha [m.] the forehead of an elephant.

gajapotaka [m.] a young elephant.

gajjati [gajj + a] roars; thunders.

gajjanā [f.] roaring.

gajjanta [pr.p. of gajjati] roaring; thundering.

gajjamāna [pr.p. of gajjati] roaring; thundering.

gajji [aor. of gajjati] roared; thundered.

gajjita [(pp. of gajjati), nt.] roar; thunder.

gajjitu [m.] one who roars or thunders.

gajjitvā [abs. of gajjati] having roared; having thundered.

gaṇa [m.] a gang; crowd; sect; a chapter of monks. || ñāṇa (nt.), wisdom; insight.

gaṇaka [m.] an accountant; one skilled in arithmetic.

gaṇanapathātīta [adj.] gone beyond the calculation; unaccountable.

gaṇanā [f.] number; counting; arithmetic.

gaṇapūraka [adj.] one who completes the quorum.

gaṇapūraṇa [nt.] the quorum.

gaṇabandhana [nt.] co-operation.

gaṇasaṅgaṇikā, [f.] desire to be in a crowd.

gaṇācariya [(gaṇa + ācariya) m.] a teacher of many; one who has many followers.

gaṇārāmatā [(gaṇa + ārāmatā) f.] desire to be in a crowd.

gaṇika [adj.] having a following. || gaṇikā (f.), harlot; courtesan.

gaṇita [pp. of gaṇeti] counted. (nt.), arithmetic.

gaṇī [m.] one who has a following. || ñāṇī (adj.), possessed of knowledge; a wise person.

gaṇetabba [pt.p. of gaṇeti] should be counted; should be reckoned.

gaṇeti [gaṇ + e] counts; reckons.

gaṇetvā [abs. of gaṇeti] having counted; having reckoned.

gaṇenta [pr.p. of gaṇeti] counting; reckoning.

gaṇesi [aor. of gaṇeti] counted; reckoned.

gaṇṭhi [f.] a knot; a tie; a wooden block.

gaṇṭhikā [f.] a knot; a tie; a wooden block.

gaṇṭhiṭṭhāna [nt.] a difficult and obscure passage.

gaṇṭhipada [nt.] an obscure word; a glossary.

gaṇḍa [m.] a boil; a swelling; a protuberance.

gaṇḍaka [m.] a rhinoceros.

gaṇḍikā [f.] a hollowed block of wood which is used to serve the purpose of a bell; a gong.

gaṇḍī [f.] a gong; the executioner’s block. (adj.), having boils.

gaṇḍuppāda [m.] an earth-worm.

gaṇḍūsa [m.] a mouthful.

gaṇhanta [pr.p. of gaṇhāti] taking; catching; holding.

gaṇhāti [gah + ṇhā] takes; holds of; seizes.

gaṇhāpita [pp. of gaṇhāpeti] caused to be taken or seized.

gaṇhāpeti [caus. of gaṇhāti] causes to be taken or seized.

gaṇhāpetvā [abs. of gaṇhāpeti] having caused to be taken or seized.

gaṇhāpesi [aor. of gaṇhāpeti] caused to be taken or seized.

gaṇhi [aor. of gaṇhāti] took; held of; seized.

gaṇhituṃ [inf. of gaṇhāti] to take.

gaṇhitvā [abs. of gaṇhāti] having taken; having held of; having seized.

gaṇhiya [abs. of gaṇhāti] having taken or held.

gata [pp. of gacchati] gone; moved; walked; passed; arrived at; having come to a condition. || ñāta (pp. of jānāti), known; well-known; realised.

gataṭṭhāna [nt.] the place where one has gone.

gatatta [nt.] the fact of having gone.

gataddha [adj.] one who has completed his journey.

gataddhī [adj.] one who has completed his journey.

gatabhāva [m.] the fact of having gone.

gatayobhana [adj.] one who has passed his youth.

gati [f.] going; career; course; passing on to another existence; destiny; behaviour. || ñāti (m.), a kinsman.

gatimantu [adj.] of perfect behaviour.

gatta [nt.] the body. || ñatta (nt.), learning; something known.

gathita [pp. of gantheti] bound; fettered; greedy for.

gada [m.] sickness; sound; speech. || gadā (f.), a kind of weapon; an iron bar.

gadati [gad + a] says; speaks.

gadi [aor. of gadati] said; spoke.

gadita [pp. of gadati] said; spoken.

gaddula [m.] a leash; leather strap.

gadduhana [nt.] milking (of a cow).

gadduhanamattaṃ [adv.] a short time as that of pulling once a cow’s teat.

gadrabha [m.] an ass; donkey.

gadhita [pp. of gantheti] bound; fettered; greedy for.

ganasa [m.] a viper.

gantabba [pt.p.] should be gone.

gantu [m.] one who goes.

gantuṃ [inf. of gacchati] to go.

gantvā [abs. of gacchati] having gone.

gantha [m.] bond; fetter; a composition; a text.

ganthakāra [m.] an author; compiler of a book.

ganthadhura [nt.] the burden of studying Scriptures.

ganthana [nt.] knitting; twisting; composition.

ganthappamocana [nt.] releasing from the fetters.

ganthāvali [f.] literature.

ganthita [pp. of gantheti] tied; bound or fastened together; knitted.

gantheti [ganth + e] ties; binds or fastens together; knits.

ganthetvā [abs. of gantheti] having tied; having bound or fastened together; having knitted.

ganthenta [pr.p. of gantheti] tying; binding or fastening together; knitting.

ganthesi [aor. of gantheti] tied; bound or fastened together; knitted.

gandjāta [nt.] kinds of perfumes.

gandha [m.] odour; smell; scent.

gandhakuṭi [f.] perfumed chamber; the room occupied by the Buddha.

gandhakuraṇḍaka : a perfume chest.

gandhacuṇṇa [nt.] scented powder.

gandhajāta [nt.] kinds of perfumes.

gandhatela [nt.] scented oil.

gandhapañcaṅgulika [nt.] the five-finger-mark made after the fingers have been immersed in some scented solution.

gandhabba [m.] 1. a musician; a heavenly musician belonging to the demigods; 2. a being ready to take a new existence.

gandhamādana [m.] name of a mountain in the Himālayas.

gandhasāra [m.] sandal-wood tree.

gandhāpaṇa [(gandha + āpaṇa) m.] a perfumery.

gandhāra [m.] the country (now called) Kandahar.

gandhārī [f.] (a magical charm) belonging to Gandhāra.

gandhika [adj.] having fragrance.

gandhī [adj.] having fragrance.

gandhodaka [nt.] scented water.

gabbita [adj.] proud; arrogant.

gabbha [m.] interior; the womb; embryo; an inner chamber.

gabbhagata [adj.] gone to the womb; conceived.

gabbhapariharaṇa [nt.] protection of the embryo.

gabbhapātana [nt.] an abortive preparation; destruction of the embryo.

gabbhamala [nt.] accompanying dirty matter of child-birth.

gabbhara [nt.] a cave.

gabbhavuṭṭhāna [nt.] child-birth; delivery.

gabbhaseyyaka [adj.] one who is born in an uterus; viviparous.

gabbhaseyyā [f.] conception in a womb.

gabbhāvakkanti [(gabbha + avakkanti) f.] conception.

gabbhāsaya [m.] the uterus.

gabbhinī [f.] a pregnant woman.

gamaṭṭhāna [nt.] a ruined village.

gamana [nt.] going; walk; journey; pursuit. (adj.), leading to; conducive to.

gamanakāraṇa [nt.] reason for going.

gamanantarāya [m.] obstacle to one’s departure.

gamanāgamana [nt.] going and coming.

gamanīya [adj.] ought to go; fit to be gone.

gamika [adj.] going away; setting out for a journey. (m.), a traveller. || gāmika (m.), villager.

gamikavatta [nt.] preparation for a journey.

gameti [gam + e] makes go; sends; understands.

gamesi [aor. of gameti] made go; sent; understood.

gambhīra [adj.] deep; profound; hard to perceive. (nt.), depth.

gambhīratā [f.] depth.

gambhīrāvabhāsa [(gambhīra + avabhāsa) adj.] having the appearance of depth or profundity.

gamma [adj.] vulgar; what should be understood or attained.

gayha [adj.] fit to be taken, seized or gripped. (nt.), that which comes into one’s grasp.

gayhati [gah + ya] is taken or seized.

gayhamāna [pr.p. of gayhati] was being taken or seized.

gayhi [aor. of gayhati] was taken or seized.

garahati [garah + a] reproaches; blames; scolds.

garahana [nt.] reproach; reproof.

garahanta [pr.p. of garahati] reproaching; blaming; scolding.

garahamāna [pr.p. of garahati] reproaching; blaming; scolding.

garahā [f.] reproach; reproof.

garahi [aor. of garahati] reproached; blamed; scolded. || garahī (m.), one who blames or censures.

garahita [pp. of garahati] reproached; blamed; scolded.

garahitvā [abs. of garahati] having reproached.

garahiya [abs. of garahati] having reproached.

garu [adj.] heavy; serious; grave; venerable; honoured. (m.), a teacher; instructor.

garuka [adj.] heavy; serious; grave.

garukata [pp. of garukaroti] respected; revered.

garukari [aor. of garukaroti] respected; revered.

garukaroti [garu + karoti] respects; reveres.

garukaronta [pr.p. of garukaroti] respecting; revering.

garukātabba [pt.p. of garukaroti] should be respected. (adj), worthy of esteem.

garukāra [m.] esteem; honour; respect.

garugabbhā [f.] a pregnant woman.

garuṭṭhānīya [adj.] one who takes the place of a teacher; respectable.

garutā [f.] heaviness; honourableness.

garutta [nt.] heaviness; honourableness.

garuḷa [m.] a mythical bird; a harpy.

gala [m.] the neck; the throat.

galaggāha [m.] taking by the neck; throttling.

galati [gal + a] drips; flows; trickles.

galanāḷi [f.] the larynx.

galanta [pr.p. of galati] dripping; flowing; trickling.

galappamāṇa [adj.] going up to the neck.

galamāna [pr.p. of galati] dripping; flowing; trickling.

galavāṭaka [m.] the bottom of the throat.

gali [aor. of galati] dripped; flowed; trickled.

galita [pp. of galati] dripped; flowed; trickled.

galitvā [abs. of galati] having dripped; having flowed; having trickled.

gaḷagaḷāyati [deno. from gaḷagalā] rains heavily making the sound gala-gala; roars.

gaḷagaḷāyi [aor. of gaḷagaḷāyati] rained heavily making the sound gala-gala; roared.

gaḷocī [f.] a medicinal creeper. Tinospora Cordifolia.

gava : the substantive “go” takes this form in cpds. such as puṅgava.

gavaja [m.] a species of ox, the gayal.

gavaya [m.] a species of ox, the gayal.

gavesaka [adj.] one who seeks or looks for.

gavesati [gaves + a] seeks; searches for; strives after.

gavesana [nt.] search; seeking. || gavesanā (f.), search; seeking.

gavesanta [pr.p. of gavesati] seeking; searching for; striving after.

gavesamāna [pr.p. of gavesati] seeking; searching for; striving after.

gavesi [aor. of gavesati] sought; searched for; strove after. || gavesī (m.), one who seeks.

gavesita [pp. of gavesati] sought; searched for; striven after.

gavesitvā [abs. of gavesati] having sought; having searched for; having striven after.

gavesiya [abs. of gavesati] having sought; having searched for; having striven after.

gaha [m.] 1. one who catches or take possession of. 2. a planet. (nt.), house. || gāha (m.), 1. seizure; grip; 2. obsession; 3. an idea; a view.

gahakāraka [m.] house-builder.

gahakūṭa [nt.] the peak of a house.

gahaṭṭha [m.] a layman; householder.

gahaṭṭhāna [nt.] impenetrable place in a jungle.

gahaṇa [nt.] taking; seizing; acquisition; grasp.

gahaṇika [adj.] having a good digestion.

gahaṇī [f.] gestation; digestion.

gahati [gāh +a] immerses; penetrates; plunges into.

gahana [nt.] a thicket; a jungle; impenetrable place. (adj.), thick; impervious. || gāhana (nt.), submersion; plunging.

gahanaṭṭhāna [nt.] impenetrable place in a jungle.

gahapatānī [f.] mistress of a house.

gahapati [m.] master of a house.

gahapatimahāsala [m.] a very wealthy householder.

gahita [pp. of gaṇhāti] taken; seized; grasped. (nt.), grip. || gāhita (pp. of gāheti), see gāhāpita.

gahitabhāva [m.] the fact of being taken or held.

gahetvā [abs. of gaṇhāti] having taken; having held of; having seized. || gāhetvā (abs. of gāheti), see gāhāpetvā.

gāthā [f.] deep. (m.), depth; a safe stand; foothold.

gāthāpada [m.] a line of a stanza.

gāthābhigīta [(gāthā + abhigīta) adj.] gained by reciting verse.

gādha [adj.] deep

gādhati [gādh + a] stands fast; has a firm footing.

gādhi [aor. of gādhati] stood fast; had a firm footing.

gāna [nt.] singing; a song.

gāma [m.] village.

gāmaka [m.] small village.

gāmaghāta [m.] sacking or plundering of a village.

gāmaghātaka [m.] those who sack villages; a dacoit.

gāmajana [m.] people of a village.

gāmajeṭṭha [m.] village headman.

gāmaṇī [m.] the head of a village.

gāmadāraka [m.] a youngster of a village.

gāmadārika [f.] a village damsel.

gāmadvāra [nt.] the entrance to a village.

gāmadhamma [m.] vile conduct; sexual intercourse.

gāmabhojaka [m.] a village head-man.

gāmavāsī [m.] a villager.

gāmasīmā [f.] the boundary of a parish.

gāmī [adj.] (in cpds.), one who goes; leading to.

gāyaka [m.] a singer.

gāyati [ge + a] sings; recites; is known.

gāyana [nt.] singing.

gāyanta [pr.p. of gāyati] singing; reciting.

gāyamāna [pr.p. of gāyati] singing; reciting.

gāyi [aor. of gāyati] sang; recited.

gāyikā [f.] a female singer.

gāyita [pp. of gāyati] sung; recited.

gāyitvā [abs. of gāyati] having sung; having recited.

gārayha [adj.] contemptible; low.

gārava [m.] respect; reverence; esteem.

gāravatā [f.] respect.

gāḷha [adj.] strong; tight; serious.

gāḷhaṃ [adv.] tightly; strongly.

gāvī [f.] a cow.

gāvuta [nt.] a league; a measure little less than two miles.

gāvutika [adj.] reaching a league in extent.

gāvo [m. (nom. plu.)] cattle.

gāhaka [adj.] a holder; taker; bearer.

gāhāpaka [adj.] one who causes to take or hold.

gāhāpita [pp. of gaṇhāpeti] caused to be taken or seized. (pp. of gāhāpeti), caused to take or to be seized.

gāhāpeti [caus. of gaṇhāti] causes to take or to be seized.

gāhāpetvā [abs. of gāhāpeti] having caused to take.

gāhāpenta [pr.p. of gāhāpeti] causing to take or to be seized.

gāhāsesi [aor. of gāhāpeti] caused to take or to be seized.

gāhiya [abs. of gāheti] see gāhāpetvā.

gāhī [adj.] a holder; taker; bearer.

gāheti [caus. of gaṇhāti] see gāhāpeti.

gijjha [m.] a vulture.

gijjhakūṭa [m.] the Vulture’s peak near Rājagaha.

gijjhati [gidh + ya] longs for; desires much.

gijjhamāna [pr.p. of gijjhati] longing for; desiring much.

gijjhi [aor. of gijjhati] longed for; desired much.

giñjakā [f.] brick.

giñjakāvasatha [m.] a house made of bricks.

giddha [pp. of gijjhati] greedy.

giddhi [f.] greed; attachment. || giddhī (adj.), greedy for; desirous after.

gini [m.] fire.

gimha [m.] heat; hot season.

gimhāna [m.] summer.

gimhika [adj.] belonging to the summer.

girā [f.] word; utterance.

giri [m.] mountain.

girikaṇṇikā [f.] the plant Clitoria Tternatea.

girigabbhara [nt.] a mountain cleft; a gorge or cave.

giriguhā [f.] a mountain cleft; a gorge or cave.

giribbaja [nt.] name of a former capital of Magadha.

girirāja [m.] the Mount Meru.

girisikhara [nt.] a peak; to of a mountain.

gilati [gil + a] swallows; devours.

gilana [nt.] swallowing. || gilāna (adj.), sick; unwell; a sick person.

gilanapaccaya [m.] support for the sick.

gilanta [pr.p. of gilati] swallowing; devouring.

gilānaka [adj.] sick; unwell; a sick person.

gilānabhatta [nt.] food for the sick.

gilānasālā [f.] a hall for the sick.

gilānālaya [(gilāna + ālaya) m.] pretence of illness.

gilānupuṭṭhāka [(gilāna + upuṭṭhāka) m.] one who attends the sick.

gilānupuṭṭhāna [(gilāna + upuṭṭhāna) nt.] tending or nursing of the sick.

gili [aor. of gilati] swallowed; devoured.

gilita [pp. of gilati] swallowed; devoured.

gilitvā [abs. of gilati] having swallowed; having devoured.

gihī [m.] a layman; one who leads a domestic life.

gihībandhana [nt.] layman’s fetters.

gihībhoga [m.] enjoyment of a layman.

gīta [nt.] a song; singing. (pp. of gāyati), sung; recited.

gītarava [m.] sound of a song.

gītasadda [m.] sound of a song.

gītikā [f.] a song.

gīvā [f.] the neck.

gīveyyaka [nt.] an ornament for the neck.

gīhīvyañjana [nt.] characteristic of a layman.

gīhīsaṃsagga [m.] association with laymen.

guggulu [m.] a medicinal resin; bdellium.

guñjā [f.] the medicinal creeper Abrus Precatorius.

guṇa [m.] virtue; quality; a cord or string; a bow-string; (with numerals: diguṇa = twofold).

guṇakathā [f.] praise.

guṇakittana [nt.] telling about one’s virtues.

guṇagaṇa [m.] accumulation of good qualities.

guṇaṇūpeta [adj.] endowed with good qualities.

guṇavantu [adj.] virtuous.

guṇahīna [adj.] devoid of virtue.

guṇī [adj.] possessed of good qualities.

guṇṭhikā [f.] a ball of strings.

guṇṭhita [pp. of guṇṭheti] wrapped; covered; hidden.

guṇṭheti [guṇṭh + e] wraps; covers; hides.

guṇṭhesi [aor. of guṇṭheti] wrapped; covered; hid.

gutta [pp. of gopeti] guarded; protected; watchful.

guttadvāra [adj.] with well-guarded senses.

guttadvāratā [f.] control over one’s senses.

gutti [f.] protection; guard; watchfulness.

guttika [m.] a guardian.

guttindriya [(gutta + indriya) adj.] having guarded senses.

guda [nt.] the anus.

gundā [f.] the bulbous grass Cyperus Rotundus.

gumba [m.] a bush; a thicket; a troop or swarm.

gumbantara [nt.] interior of a bush.

guyha [adj.] fit to be hidden. (nt.), a secret; that which is to be hidden.

guyhabhaṇḍaka [nt.] the male or female organ.

guru [m.] a teacher. (adj.), heavy; venerable.

gurudakkhiṇā [f.] teacher’s fee.

guḷa [nt.] sugar; molasses; a ball; a globe. || guḷā (f.), a kind of bird whose nest is much entangled.

guḷakīḷā [f.] playing with balls or marbles.

guḷikā [f.] a pill.

guhā [f.] a cave; cavern.

gūtha [n.] faeces; dung; excrement.

gūthakaṭāha [m.] a pot for defecation.

gūthakūpa [m.] a pit for defecation.

gūthagata [nt.] a heap of dung.

gūthapāṇaka [m.] an insect living on excrement.

gūthabhakkha [adj.] feeding on dung.

gūthabhāṇī [m.] of foul speech.

gūḷha [pp. of gūhati] hidden; concealed; secret.

gūhati [gūh + a] hides; conceals.

gūhana [nt.] concealment.

gūhamāna [pr.p. of gūhati] hiding; concealing.

gūhi [aor. of gūhati] hid; concealed.

gūhita [pp. of gūhati] hidden; concealed; secret.

gūhitvā [abs. of gūhati] having hiden; having concealing.

geṇḍuka [m.] a playing ball.

gedha [m.] greed.

gedhita [pp.] greedy. (nt.), greed.

geyya [adj.] that which is to be sung. (nt.), a poem; a certain style of literature. || ñeyya (adj.), what should be understood.

geruka [nt.] red chalk used for colouring.

gelañña [nt.] sickness.

geha [m.; nt.] house; dwelling place.

gehaṅgana [nt.] the yard in front of a house.

gehajana [m.] members of a household.

gehaṭṭhāna [nt.] site for a house.

gehadvāra [nt.] the gate or the front of a house.

gehanissita [adj.] connected with the family life.

gehappavesana [nt.] (the ceremony of) entering a new building.

gehasita [adj.] connected with the family life.

go [m.] an ox; cattle in general.

gokaṇṭaka [nt.] the hoof of cattle; a thorny medicinal plant Ruellia Longifolia.

gokaṇṇa [m.] en elk.

gokula [nt.] a cow-shed.

gogaṇa [m.] a herd of cattle.

goghātaka [m.] a butcher.

gocara [m.] pasture; fodder; food (in common); sense object; suitable place.

gocaragāma [m.] a village from where a monk obtains his food.

gocchaka [m.] a cluster or bunch.

goṭṭha [nt.] cow-shed.

goṇa [m.] an ox; a bull.

goṇaka [m.] a woollen carpet with long fleece.

gotama [adj.] belonging to the Gotama clan.

gotamī [f.] a woman of the Gotama clan.

gotta [nt.] clan; ancestry.

gotrabhū [adj.] one who destroys the lineage.

godhā [f.] iguana; a large kind of lizard.

godhuma [m.] wheat.

gonasa [m.] a viper.

gopaka [m.] a guardian; watch-man.

gopakhuma [adj.] having eye-lashes like that of a heifer.

gopana [nt.] protection; care; watchfulness. || gopanā (f.), protection; care; watchfulness.

gopānasī [f.] a bent beam supporting the framework of a roof.

gopānasīvaṅka [adj.] as crooked as a gopānasī.

gopāla [m.] a cowherd.

gopālaka [m.] a cowherd.

gopita [pp. of gopeti] guarded; protected; watched.

gopiya [abs. of gopeti] having guarded; having protected; having watched.

gopī [f.] a woman herding the cows or the wife of a cowherd.

gopura [nt.] gateway; gate tower.

gopetabba [pt.p. of gopeti] should be guarded; should be protected; should be watched.

gopeti [gup + e] guards; protects; watches.

gopetu [m.] protector.

gopetvā [abs. of gopeti] having guarded; having protected; having watched.

gopenta [pr.p. of gopeti] guarding; protecting; watching.

gopesi [aor. of gopeti] guarded; protected; watched.

gopphaka [nt.] the ankle.

gomaya [nt.] cow-dung.

gomika [adj.] owner of cattle.

gomī [adj.] owner of cattle.

gomutta [nt.] urine of the cows.

goyūtha [m.] a herd of cattle.

gorakkhā [f.] cow-keeping.

golomī [f.] orris root.

goḷa [m.; nt.] a ball.

goḷaka [m.; nt.] a ball.

govinda [m.] an epithet of Khrishṇa.

gosīsa [m.] the yellow sandal-wood.

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